Experience and prospects for further European integration of South-Eastern Europe

Iryna Dzyublenko; Nataliia Zhabinets

Experience and prospects for further European integration of South-Eastern Europe

Abstract

The study of European integration processes in the countries of South-Eastern Europe is of particular relevance in the context of growing geopolitical tensions and the need to strengthen stability on the European continent. The pur- pose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of European integration processes in South-Eastern Europe, assess the current state of reforms, and identify key factors that affect the prospects for further integration of the region. As part of this purpose, a considerable number of documents, reports, etc., were analysed. The study examined the specific features of European integration processes in the countries of the region that are already members of the European Union and found that they have demonstrated different models of economic growth: Southern European countries have devel- oped a consumption-oriented model based on debt financing, while Central and Eastern European countries have opted for an export-oriented model that is largely dependent on foreign direct investment. An analysis of European integration measures and reforms in countries that have not yet joined the European Union showed uneven progress in meeting the Copenhagen criteria. Economic reforms aimed at creating a functioning market economy and increasing competitiveness stay a key challenge. Foreign direct investment has played a significant role in modernising economies, but its impact on convergence with the European Union has been mixed. Trade liberalisation has contributed to a significant increase in trade between the region’s countries and the European Union, but economic convergence is still slow. An assessment of the prospects for further European integration revealed complex geopolitical dynamics. Growing competition between the European Union and other global players, such as Russia and China, poses additional challenges to the European in- tegration aspirations of the countries of the region. The energy dependence of some countries on Russia and significant Chinese investment in infrastructure pose potential risks to energy security and may lead to conflicts of interest. The Eu- ropean Union is increasing its influence in the region through a new enlargement methodology and financial instruments. The study showed that successful integration requires structural reforms, strengthening democracy, economic develop- ment, and overcoming historical conflicts. The findings of this study can be used to develop effective strategies to support European integration processes in the region and improve EU policy towards the countries of South-Eastern Europe

Keywords

euroscepticism; nationalism; social justice; rule of law; electoral dynamics; political polarisation; democratic institutions

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Suggested citation

Dzyublenko, I., & Zhabinets, N. (2024). Experience and prospects for further European integration of South-Eastern Europe. Foreign Affairs, 34(4), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.46493/2663-2675.34(4).2024.30